Effect of turmeric oil and turmeric oleoresin on cytogenetic damage in patients suffering from oral submucous fibrosis

doi:10.1016/S0304-3835(97)00205-X

Cancer Letters

Volume 116, Issue 2, 24 June 1997, Pages 265-269

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3835(97)00205-X Get rights and content

Abstract

In vitro studies on the effect of alcoholic extracts of turmeric (TE), turmeric oil (TO) and turmeric oleoresin (TOR), on the incidence of micronuclei (Mn) in lymphocytes from normal healthy subjects showed that the test compounds did not cause any increase in the number of Mn as compared with those found in untreated controls. Further it was observed that all three compounds offered protection against benzo[a]pyrene induced increase in Mn in circulating lymphocytes. In subsequent studies, patients suffering from submucous fibrosis were given a total oral dose of TO (600 mg TO mixed with 3 g TE/day), TOR (600 mg+3 g TE/day) and 3 g TE/day as a control for 3 months. It was observed that all three treatment modalities decreased the number of micronucleated cells both in exfoliated oral mucosal cells and in circulating lymphocytes. TOR was found to be more effective in reducing the number of Mn in oral mucosal cells (P<0.001), but in circulating lymphocytes the decrease in Mn was comparable in all three groups.

Introduction

We have previously reported that patients suffering from precancerous oral lesions, e.g. oral submucous fibrosis, oral leucoplakia and oral lichen planus showed an increase in the number of micronuclei (Mn) in exfoliated oral mucosal cells and in circulating lymphocytes [1].

It is also shown that administration of turmeric powder in the diet inhibited benzo[a]pyrene (BP) induced stomach tumours, dimethyl benzanthracene (DMBA) induced skin tumours in mice and mammary tumours in rats and N-acetoxy dimethyl nitrosamine induced cheekpouch tumours in hamsters 2, 3, 4. In subsequent studies it was observed that 3 months ingestion of an alcoholic extract of turmeric (TE) by oral submucous fibrosis patients relieved their clinical symptoms and decreased the incidence of Mn in exfoliated oral mucosal cells and brought it to a level comparable to that in normal healthy subjects [5]. We have now studied the effect of long term treatment of turmeric oleoresin (TOR), turmeric oil (TO) and turmeric extract (TE) on cytogenetic damage in oral submucous fibrosis patients. The present communication reports on the significant decrease in the incidence of Mn in oral mucosal cells and circulating lymphocytes by TO, TOR and TE treatment.

Section snippets

Materials and methods

Turmeric oil (TO) and turmeric oleoresin (TOR) were obtained as a gift from Kancor Flavours and Extracts Limited (Kochin, Kerala, India). Alcoholic turmeric extract (TE) was prepared as described earlier [6]. Cytochalasin B (cyto B) and benzo[a]pyrene (BP) were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO); phyto haemaglutinine (PHA) was purchased from Difco Laboratories (Detroit, MI). RPMI 1640 medium was purchased from Hi-media (Bombay, India). Foetal calf serum was purchased from Gibco Laboratories

In vitro studies

Table 1 shows the effect of both TOR and TO on BP induced Mn in lymphocytes of normal subjects. In the BP treated group the number of Mn significantly increased (P<0.001) as compared to the untreated control. When TO and TOR were administered simultaneously with BP (groups 3 and 4, respectively) the number of Mn decreased and values were close to untreated control. TOR and TO alone did not increase the number of Mn (groups 5 and 6, respectively). Both TO and TOR gave significant (P<0.001)

Discussion

This study confirms our earlier report [1]on the increased incidence of Mn in exfoliated oral mucosal cells and circulating lymphocytes of patients suffering from precancerous oral lesions including oral submucous fibrosis. In this study we are now reporting on non-mutagenicity of TO and TOR since TO and TOR did not induce increase in Mn in lymphocytes when treated individually. We further report the chemoprotective effect of TO and TOR in lymphocytes of normal healthy subjects in vitro and

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There are more references available in the full text version of this article.

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Effect of turmeric oil and turmeric oleoresin on cytogenetic damage in patients suffering from oral submucous fibrosis

Abstract

Introduction

Section snippets

Materials and methods

In vitro studies

Discussion

Cancer Lett.

Protective role of aqueous turmeric extract against mutagenicity of direct acting carcinogens as well as benzo(a)pyrene induced genotoxicity and carcinogenicity

J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol.

Antimutagenicity and anticarcinogenicity of turmeric (curcuma longa)

J. Nutr. Growth Cancer Inst.

Protective single/combined treatment with betel leaf and turmeric against methyl (acetoxy methyl) nitrosamine induced hamster oral carcinogenesis

Int. J. Cancer

Hypocholesterolemic effect of turmeric extract on Swiss mice

Int. J. Pharmacol.