Cancer Letters
Volume 286, Issue 1 , Pages 5-8 , 1 December 2009

Epidemiology and prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma

  • Silvia Franceschi

      Affiliations

    • International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +33 4 72 73 84 02; fax: +33 4 72 73 83 45.
  • ,
  • Syed Ahsan Raza

      Affiliations

    • International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
    • Department of Surgery, The Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, P.O. Box 3500, Karachi 74800, Pakistan

Received 4 March 2008 ,Revised 27 May 2008 ,Accepted 29 October 2008.

References 

  1. Parkin DM, Bray F, Ferlay J, Pisani P. Global cancer statistics, 2002. CA Cancer J. Clin. 2005;55:74–108
  2. IARC, Monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans volume 59: hepatitis viruses, IARC Press, Lyon, 1994.
  3. World Health Organisation. Hepatitis B vaccines. Wkly. Epidemiol. Rec. 2004;79:263
  4. WHO and the Viral Hepatitis Prevention Board, Global surveillance and control of hepatitis C, Report of a WHO Consultation organized in collaboration with the Viral Hepatitis Prevention Board, Antwerp, Belgium, J. Viral Hepat. 6 (1999) 35–47.
  5. Parkin DM. The global health burden of infection-associated cancers in the year 2002. Int. J. Cancer. 2006;118:3030–3044
  6. Lu SN, Su WW, Yang SS, Chang TT, Cheng KS, Wu JC, et al. Secular trends and geographic variations of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma in Taiwan. Int. J. Cancer. 2006;119:1946–1952
  7. Raza SA, Clifford GM, Franceschi S. Worldwide variation in the relative importance of hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses in hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review. Br. J. Cancer. 2007;96:1127–1134
  8. Shi J, Zhu L, Liu S, Xie WF. A meta-analysis of case–control studies on the combined effect of hepatitis B and C virus infections in causing hepatocellular carcinoma in China. Br. J. Cancer. 2005;92:607–612
  9. Tanioka H, Omagari K, Kato Y, Nakata K, Kusumoto Y, Mori I, et al. Present status of hepatitis virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan: a cross-sectional study of 1019 patients. J. Infect. Chemother. 2002;8:64–69
  10. Donato F, Gelatti U, Limina RM, Fattovich G. Southern Europe as an example of interaction between various environmental factors: a systematic review of the epidemiologic evidence. Oncogene. 2006;25:3756–3770
  11. Franceschi S, Montella M, Polesel J, La Vecchia C, Crispo A, Dal Maso L, et al. Hepatitis viruses, alcohol, and tobacco in the etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma in Italy. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. 2006;15:683–689
  12. Kuper HE, Tzonou A, Kaklamani E, Hadziyannis S, Tasopoulos N, Lagiou P, et al. Hepatitis B and C viruses in the etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma; a study in Greece using third-generation assays. Cancer Causes Control. 2000;11:171–175
  13. Kubicka S, Rudolph KL, Hanke M, Tietze MK, Tillmann HL, Trautwein C, et al. Hepatocellular carcinoma in Germany: a retrospective epidemiological study from a low-endemic area. Liver. 2000;20:312–318
  14. Davila JA, Morgan RO, Shaib Y, McGlynn KA, El-Serag HB. Hepatitis C infection and the increasing incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma: a population-based study. Gastroenterology. 2004;127:1372–1380
  15. Ezzat S, Abdel-Hamid M, Eissa SA, Mokhtar N, Labib NA, ElGhorory L, et al. Associations of pesticides, HCV, HBV, and hepatocellular carcinoma in Egypt. Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health. 2005;208:329–339
  16. Shepard CW, Simard EP, Finelli L, Fiore AE, Bell BP. Hepatitis B virus infection: epidemiology and vaccination. Epidemiol. Rev. 2006;28:112–125
  17. Viviani S, Jack A, Hall AJ, Maine N, Mendy M, Montesano R, et al. Hepatitis B vaccination in infancy in The Gambia: protection against carriage at 9 years of age. Vaccine. 1999;17:2946–2950
  18. Institute of Medicine, Immunization Safety Review Board, in: K.R. Stratton, D.A. Almario, M.C. McCormick (Eds.), Immunization Safety Review: Hepatitis B Vaccine and Demyelinating Neurological Disorders, National Academies Press, Washington, DC, 2003.
  19. Lee CL, Hsieh KS, Ko YC. Trends in the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in boys and girls in Taiwan after large-scale hepatitis B vaccination. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. 2003;12:57–59
  20. Sun Z, Zhu Y, Stjernsward J, Hilleman M, Collins R, Zhen Y, et al. Design and compliance of HBV vaccination trial on newborns to prevent hepatocellular carcinoma and 5-year results of its pilot study. Cancer Detect. Prev. 1991;15:313–318
  21. Elmowalid GA, Qiao M, Jeong SH, Borg BB, Baumert TF, Sapp RK, et al. Immunization with hepatitis C virus-like particles results in control of hepatitis C virus infection in chimpanzees. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2007;104:8427–8432
  22. Ahmad K. Pakistan: a cirrhotic state?. Lancet. 2004;364:1843–1844
  23. La Vecchia C. Alcohol and liver cancer. Eur. J. Cancer Prev. 2007;16:495–497
  24. Yuan JM, Govindarajan S, Arakawa K, Yu MC. Synergism of alcohol, diabetes, and viral hepatitis on the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in blacks and whites in the U.S.. Cancer. 2004;101:1009–1017
  25. Amin J, Dore GJ, O’Connell DL, Bartlett M, Tracey E, Kaldor JM, et al. Cancer incidence in people with hepatitis B or C infection: a large community-based linkage study. J. Hepatol. 2006;45:197–203
  26. Knoll A, Hartmann A, Hamoshi H, Weislmaier K, Jilg W. Serological pattern “anti-HBc alone”: characterization of 552 individuals and clinical significance. World J. Gastroenterol. 2006;12:1255–1260
  27. World Health Organisation. Hepatitis C-global prevalence (update). Wkly. Epidemiol. Rec. 1999;49:425–427
  28. Madhava V, Burgess C, Drucker E. Epidemiology of chronic hepatitis C virus infection in sub-Saharan Africa. Lancet Infect. Dis. 2002;2:293–302

PII: S0304-3835(08)00867-7

doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2008.10.046

Cancer Letters
Volume 286, Issue 1 , Pages 5-8 , 1 December 2009