The truncation of Ku86 in human lymphocytes

Abstract 

The Ku heterodimer, which consists of Ku70 and Ku86 subunits, is a major sensor of DNA breaks. A truncated form of Ku86 lacking its C-terminus, termed Ku86 variant, has been detected in extracts from different human cells. Here we report that in human lymphocytes the Ku86 variant is not present in vivo but is generated in vitro upon cell lysis by a trypsin-like protease. The resulting Ku86 variant exists exclusively in complexes with Ku70, which possess strong affinity to DNA double strand termini. In different blood donors the levels of Ku86 variant correlated with the magnitude of radiation induced DNA breaks.

Keywords: Ku86 variant, Human lymphocytes, Trypsin-like protease, Radiosensitivity

Abbreviations: ATM, ataxia-telangiectasia mutated, DEB, DNA end-binding complex, DNA-PK, DNA-dependent protein kinase, DSB, double strand break, EMSA, electrophoretic mobility-shift assay, MM, multiple myeloma, NHEJ, non-homologous end-joining